Growing Maize in Garissa

Soil suitability analysis based on Garissa's nutrient profile

Quick answer

Generally not ideal — Garissa is poorly suited to Maize. Garissa's soil (pH 7.96, alkaline) gives Maize a suitability score of 13/100. Match fertilizer to Garissa's nitrogen and phosphorus levels for the best result.

Garissa County is a challenging environment for Maize (soil-match score 13/100) and will need significant amendment before planting. At an average pH of 7.96 the soil sits above Maize's preferred 5.5–7 range, which can limit uptake of phosphorus and micronutrients. The main gap is nitrogen — measured at N 0.61 g/kg, P 37.7 mg/kg, K 407 mg/kg against this crop's high/high/medium demand — so the fertilizer plan below prioritises closing that deficit. Maize prefers loam soils, while Garissa is largely sandy, so drainage and organic-matter management matter more here. Garissa receives approximately 250 mm/year — well below Maize's minimum of 500 mm — so supplemental irrigation would be essential for this crop. On ShambaIQ's soil-match model, Maize is the #35 soil match of the 106 crops we assess for Garissa County. Maize's full potential is about 1,800 kg/acre (~KES 81,000/acre at KES 45/kg), but at Garissa's 13/100 suitability a realistic target here is closer to 293 kg/acre (~KES 13,185/acre) unless the constraints above are addressed.

Better matched to Garissa's soil: Sisal, Aloe Vera, and Green Grams — each scores higher on the same soil.

13Suitability score

Soil & climate match

FactorGarissa soilMaize needsStatus
pH7.965.5–7Adjust
Nitrogen0.61 g/kgmin 1.2 g/kgLow
Phosphorus37.7 mg/kgmin 20 mg/kgOK
Potassium407 mg/kgmin 150 mg/kgOK
Rainfall250 mm500–1,600 mmLow
Altitude200 m0–2,500 mOK

Planting calendar for Garissa

Long Rains· March–May

March
Sowing & Basal Fertilizer (DAP/NPK)
April
Top Dressing (CAN/Urea) & 1st Weeding
May
Crop Protection & Scouting

Short Rains· October–DecemberMain season here

October
Fast Sowing & Basal Fertilizer
November
Top Dressing & Weeding
December
Fast Growth Scouting

Dry Season· January–March

January
Land Preparation & Manure
February
Soil Testing & Resting
March
Seed Selection & Storage

Top dressing guide

Product
CAN
Timing
Week 4–6 after germination
Instruction
When plant is knee-high broadcast between rows
Bags per acre in Garissa
1.51

Garissa's nitrogen (0.61 g/kg) is 51% of the 1.2 g/kg Maize needs, so the standard 1 bag/acre is raised to 1.5. Split it across two applications to limit leaching.

Seed varieties for Garissa

Varieties suited to Garissa's 200 m altitude and 250 mm annual rainfall — 9 of 24 maize varieties we list.

Katumani Composite BDryland
KALRO · 90-120 days · 15-18 bags/acre
Highly drought-tolerant; ensures harvest in low rainfall.
DH04Dryland
KALRO · 90-110 days · 18-22 bags/acre
Extremely fast maturing; escapes late-season heat stress.
H516Lowland
Kenya Seed Company · 80-110 days · 13-22 bags/acre
Drought tolerant; MSV tolerant; suited for coastal and semi-arid lowlands below 1200m.
DH01Dryland
Kenya Seed Company · 90-120 days · 27-40 bags/acre
Drought tolerant; MSV tolerant; semi-arid adapted 0-1500m; good for low-input farmers.
DH02Dryland/Medium
Kenya Seed Company · 90-120 days · 27-40 bags/acre
MSV and GLS tolerant; drought tolerant; widely adapted to low-medium altitude 0-1500m.
DH03Dryland
Kenya Seed Company · 90-120 days · 13-22 bags/acre
Drought tolerant; tolerant to leaf diseases; suitable for dryland short second season.
Ukamez-2Dryland/Medium
KALRO · 90-110 days · 21-41 bags/acre
KEPHIS certified; drought tolerant; GLS and MSV resistant; dry mid altitude Eastern Kenya 800-1600m.
Ukamez-1Dryland
KALRO · 85-100 days · 18-22 bags/acre
KEPHIS certified; early maturing; drought tolerant; suited to ASALs in Eastern Kenya.
KH500-48ADryland/Medium
KALRO · 90-110 days · 20-25 bags/acre
KALRO open-pollinated hybrid; heat tolerant; widely adapted in eastern regions.

Economics

Market priceKES 45/kg
Expected yield in Garissa293 kg/acre
Estimated revenueKES 13,185/acre
Adjusted for Garissa's 13/100 suitability. Under ideal conditions Maize can reach 1,800 kg/acre (~KES 81,000/acre) — attainable here only after the climate and soil constraints below are addressed.

Preferred textureLoam

Fertilizer prices

DAP
KES 3,500(6,500)
CAN
KES 2,875(5,700)
NPK 17:17:17
KES 3,275(5,600)
Urea
KES 3,500(5,500)
Lime
KES 1,500(1,800)

Green = subsidized · (Commercial) per 50kg bag